I have a Sandisk 400GB and that worked fine. The reader should take anything up to 1TB — or at least 512GB — without any issues. Note that the card reader chipset is an older USB2.0 model, so it’s not going to be faster than 30MB/s or so.
512gb card worked for me in Windows. Cant get it to work in Manjaro, although I dont have another card to test with so that issue may be cards in general rather than just big cards…